Political parties and electoral politics form the institutional backbone of representative democracy. In Jammu and Kashmir, however, elections and political representation have been deeply contested concepts rather than settled democratic practices. While electoral institutions were introduced as instruments of popular sovereignty and constitutional democracy, their legitimacy has repeatedly been questioned due to historical disruptions, political…
Article 370 of the Indian Constitution has been one of the most debated, contested, and politically charged provisions in India’s constitutional history. Framed as a temporary provision, Article 370 institutionalized the special relationship between Jammu and Kashmir and the Union of India. Over time, however, it came to symbolize far more than a legal arrangement—it…
Citizenship rights lie at the core of the relationship between the individual and the state. In Jammu and Kashmir, citizenship acquired a distinct constitutional meaning, shaped by the region’s historical trajectory, its special constitutional status, and the politics of identity and autonomy. Unlike other Indian states, citizenship in Jammu and Kashmir was not governed solely…
State Constitution and Governing Structures (Jammu and Kashmir) The idea of a “Constitution within the Constitution” captures the distinctive constitutional position that Jammu and Kashmir occupied within the Indian Union for several decades. Unlike other Indian states, Jammu and Kashmir was endowed with its own Constitution and a separate set of governing structures, reflecting its…
(Jammu and Kashmir) The transition from kingship to constitutional democracy in Jammu and Kashmir represents one of the most complex political transformations in modern South Asian history. This transition was neither smooth nor linear; rather, it was shaped by colonial intervention, princely autocracy, popular political mobilization, and the contested nature of post-1947 sovereignty. Unlike regions…
(Jammu & Kashmir) The relationship between state and society in Jammu and Kashmir has evolved through a complex historical trajectory shaped by geography, culture, political authority, and external interventions. Unlike many other regions in India, the idea of the state in Jammu and Kashmir cannot be understood merely as a constitutional or administrative structure; it…
Governance refers to the processes, institutions, and practices through which authority is exercised, decisions are made, and public resources are managed. It goes beyond formal government structures to include state capacity, accountability, rule of law, participation, and the relationship between the state and society. In contemporary political analysis, governance is evaluated not only by efficiency…
(India and Israel) Demography plays a decisive role in shaping the political, economic, and social trajectories of states. Population size, growth rates, age structure, migration patterns, and ethnic–religious composition influence governance, development, security, and democratic stability. In contemporary politics, demographic challenges are not merely statistical concerns; they are deeply political issues that affect resource distribution,…
(Emerging Issues and Contemporary Challenges: Peace and Security)भारत और इज़राइल समकालीन राजनीति में शांति और सुरक्षा सबसे जटिल और चुनौतीपूर्ण मुद्दों में से हैं। शीत युद्ध के बाद के दौर में सुरक्षा की अवधारणा केवल सैन्य रक्षा या युद्ध की अनुपस्थिति तक सीमित नहीं रही, बल्कि इसमें आंतरिक संघर्ष, आतंकवाद, सीमा विवाद, मानव सुरक्षा, नागरिक…
(India and Israel) Peace and security constitute some of the most pressing challenges in contemporary politics, particularly in regions marked by historical conflict, contested identities, and evolving security threats. In the post–Cold War era, the meaning of security has expanded beyond traditional military concerns to include internal conflict, terrorism, border disputes, human security, and regional…
