Comparative Politics

Introduction The emergence of cyberspace has fundamentally transformed the nature of social movements and revolutionary mobilization. Digital technologies, social media platforms, and online communication networks have altered how grievances are articulated, identities are constructed, and collective action is coordinated. Unlike earlier forms of mobilization that relied heavily on physical organizations, party structures, or trade unions,…

Introduction Social movements occupy a central position in the study of revolutions and large-scale political change. While revolutions represent moments of radical and often abrupt transformation of political authority and social structures, social movements constitute the sustained collective processes through which grievances are articulated, identities are forged, and political demands are mobilized. Theories of social…

Introduction Revolutions and social movements represent moments of profound political and social transformation in which existing structures of power, authority, and legitimacy are fundamentally challenged. Comparative political analysis treats revolutions not as isolated historical events but as patterned processes shaped by social structures, political institutions, and historical contingencies. The comparative study of revolutions seeks to…

Introduction Federalism represents one of the most significant institutional arrangements for managing political authority, territorial diversity, and social pluralism within modern states. Comparative federalism examines how different federal systems distribute power between central and regional governments, how these arrangements evolve over time, and how they shape political stability, democracy, and governance. Rather than treating federalism…

Introduction Political parties constitute one of the most enduring and influential institutions of modern representative democracy. They serve as the principal link between society and the state, articulating interests, aggregating demands, recruiting political leadership, and structuring political competition. The study of parties and party systems occupies a central place in comparative political analysis because variations…

परिचय तुलनात्मक संविधानवाद, तुलनात्मक राजनीतिक विश्लेषण और संवैधानिक सिद्धांत का एक महत्वपूर्ण क्षेत्र है, जो विभिन्न राजनीतिक प्रणालियों में प्रचलित संविधानों का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन करता है। इसका उद्देश्य यह समझना है कि संविधान किस प्रकार शासन, अधिकारों और राजनीतिक सत्ता के प्रयोग को आकार देते हैं। तुलनात्मक संविधानवाद संविधान को केवल एक कानूनी दस्तावेज़ के…

Introduction Comparative constitutionalism is a central field within comparative political analysis and constitutional theory that examines constitutions across different political systems in order to understand how constitutional arrangements shape governance, rights, and political authority. Rather than treating constitutions as isolated legal documents, comparative constitutionalism situates them within broader historical, social, and political contexts. It seeks…

भूमिका राज्य की अवधारणा राजनीतिक सिद्धांत और तुलनात्मक राजनीति का आधार स्तंभ है। राज्य वह केंद्रीय संस्था है जिसके माध्यम से राजनीतिक सत्ता का प्रयोग, सामाजिक संबंधों का नियमन और क्षेत्रीय नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित किया जाता है। तुलनात्मक राजनीतिक विश्लेषण में राज्य को एकसमान इकाई नहीं माना जाता, बल्कि उसे एक ऐतिहासिक रूप से विकसित संस्था…

Introduction The concept of the state occupies a foundational position in political theory and comparative political analysis. As the primary locus of political authority, the state structures power, governs territory, and regulates social relations. Comparative politics examines states not as uniform entities but as historically evolved institutions that assume diverse forms and operate under varying…

भूमिका तुलनात्मक राजनीति और लोकतांत्रिक संक्रमणों के अध्ययन में पुनर्निर्माण और सुदृढ़ीकरण के चरण अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण माने जाते हैं। किसी अधिनायकवादी शासन, संघर्ष, औपनिवेशिक विरासत या संस्थागत पतन के बाद लोकतंत्र की औपचारिक स्थापना पर्याप्त नहीं होती; यह तय करना आवश्यक होता है कि नई लोकतांत्रिक व्यवस्था कितनी स्थायी, वैध और प्रभावी सिद्ध होगी। पुनर्निर्माण…